Know the Signs: How to Recognize and Manage Asthma
Asthma is one of the most common chronic respiratory diseases, affecting more than 27 million people in the United States. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), asthma is a chronic condition that causes the airways in the lungs to become inflamed and narrowed, making it more difficult to breathe.
What Is Asthma?
Asthma is a chronic disease that affects the airways, also known as the bronchial tubes, in the lungs. During an asthma flare-up, the airways become inflamed and swollen; the muscles surrounding them tighten, and excess mucus may be produced. Together, these changes make it harder for air to move in and out of the lungs, leading to symptoms that can range from mild to severe.
The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) explains that while asthma has no cure, it can often be effectively managed through medication, avoiding known triggers, and following an individualized treatment plan developed with a healthcare provider.
Common Symptoms
Asthma symptoms can vary from person to person and may occur occasionally or persist over time. According to the NHLBI, common symptoms include:
- Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing
- Wheezing, especially when exhaling
- Frequent coughing, particularly at night or early in the morning
- Chest tightness or chest pain
Some people only experience symptoms during physical activity, while others may notice symptoms after being exposed to environmental triggers or respiratory illnesses.
What Can Trigger Symptoms?
Asthma symptoms are often brought on by exposure to specific triggers. Common asthma triggers include:
- Pollen, mold, dust mites, and pet dander
- Tobacco smoke and air pollution
- Respiratory infections, such as the common cold or influenza
- Exercise or strenuous physical activity
- Cold air
- Strong odors, chemicals, and other airborne irritants
The American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology (AAAAI) notes that people with a family history of allergies or asthma are more likely to develop asthma. The organization also explains that many people with asthma have allergies, a condition commonly referred to as allergic asthma.
Recognizing and avoiding your personal triggers can be an important part of reducing asthma symptoms and preventing flare-ups.
When Should You See an Allergist?
An allergist can help determine whether allergies are contributing to asthma symptoms and recommend treatments to improve symptom control.
The AAAAI recommends scheduling an appointment with an allergist if you experience:
- A persistent cough or coughing that worsens during viral infections
- Coughing triggered by exercise or cold air
- Wheezing or a whistling sound when breathing out
- Shortness of breath or rapid breathing, especially during exercise
- Chest tightness
- Fatigue related to breathing difficulties
- Problems feeding or grunting during feeding in infants
- Difficulty sleeping due to coughing or breathing problems
Seeking medical evaluation early can help improve symptom management and reduce the risk of severe asthma attacks.
How Is Asthma Managed?
Although asthma cannot be cured, it can often be successfully managed with the right treatment plan. The NHLBI recommends working closely with your healthcare provider to create an Action Plan that outlines your daily medications, identifies worsening symptoms, and explains when to seek emergency medical care.
Treatment may include:
- Long-term controller medications to reduce airway inflammation
- Quick-relief inhalers for sudden asthma symptoms
- Identifying and avoiding known asthma triggers
- Routine follow-up appointments to monitor symptoms and lung function
With proper management, many people with asthma are able to participate in work, school, exercise, and other daily activities while minimizing flare-ups.
The Financial Impact
Managing asthma often involves more than controlling symptoms. Ongoing healthcare expenses, including prescription medications, insurance premiums, provider visits, and travel for treatment, can place a financial strain on individuals and families.
Accessia Health is committed to helping eligible individuals better manage these costs. Through our Asthma Patient Assistance Program, qualified patients may receive financial support for eligible healthcare expenses, helping them focus more on their health and less on financial concerns.
If you or a loved one has been diagnosed with asthma, check your eligibility today with our prescreening tool.
