The first half of 2025 has brought sweeping momentum in Washington. With a new Congress seated and the Trump administration advancing aggressive policy shifts, the landscape for medical research, public health, and patient care is shifting—fast.
Broad, structural debates are taking center stage, often pushing aside more targeted legislative work. But behind the headlines, key developments are unfolding that directly affect the communities we serve.
To get up to speed quickly, watch our 90-second highlight video above. For a deeper dive, you’ll find detailed updates and analysis below.
Budget Reconciliation
Congress continues to work on Budget Reconciliation, commonly referred to as the “One Big Beautiful Bill” (H.R. 1). This type of legislation deals with taxes and entitlement programs related federal spending and can be passed with a simple majority. The House has passed its version of the bill, and the Senate is currently working on its own measure with the Finance Committee and Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions Committee recently releasing healthcare proposals that can be found below. The House and Senate will need to agree on, and pass, a final measure before September 30th.
- Senate Finance Committee: Click Here
- Senate Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions (HELP) Committee Provisions: Click Here
The Issue
The current House legislation and emerging Senate legislation advances cuts to Medicaid benefits, reductions in benefits for Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Programs (SNAP), and reforms to federal student loans. The Congressional Budget Office (CBO), a nonpartisan entity that tracks the cost and impact of legislation, stated that, in general, resources would decrease for lower income households, whereas resources would increase for middle to upper income households. Additional information can be found here. A summary of Medicaid related provisions from the House proposal can be found here.
FY Recission Package Request
In addition to a budget request that called on Congress to slash funding for programs that serve the rare and chronic disease community, the administration also asked Congress to claw back money that was previously provided through a process known as a “recission”. The initial recission package is focused on foreign aid, but the administration has promised there will be more if this first package is passed. Additional information can be found here.
The Issue
The House narrowly passed the first recission package and the Senate is on a ticking clock to pass the bill before time runs out given the rules of using this mechanism. The bill pulls back billions in previously appropriated funding for USAID, which includes global health resources that combat HIV, TB, and other conditions and infectious diseases abroad (along with funding for public broadcasting and other items). The administration has vowed to submit subsequent requests, including a recission for HHS programs, if this first request is successful.
FY 2026 Appropriations
Each year, Congress decides how much funding goes to medical research, public health, and patient care programs through the annual appropriations bills. This process (ceremonially) starts when the President releases a budget request to Congress. For Fiscal Year (FY) 2026, the administration has asked Congress to drastically reorganize programs and to cut overall funding for the US Department of Health and Human Services by 22% and to reduce funding for medical research at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) by 40%!
The Issue
While the proposed funding reductions and recommended wholesale elimination of programs by the administration are concerning, Congress ultimately makes annual funding decisions based on input from constituents and individuals impacted by federal programs. Moreover, Accessia Health has been joining efforts of community coalitions to increase funding while advocating with legislators and submitting testimony calling for enhancements to core programs. Congress is currently in the process of drafting FY 2026 funding bills. Thus far, the House has advanced proposals for the VA and its research and care program, the Food and Drug Administration, and the Department of Defense including its patient care and medical research programs. The House has largely preserved funding for these programs, but the Senate is poised to potentially include annual increases.
- The FY 2026 House VA Appropriations Bill, corresponding Committee Report, and additional information can be found here.
- The FY2026 House FDA Appropriations Bill, corresponding Committee Report, and additional information can be found here.
- The FY 2026 Defense Appropriations Bill, corresponding Committee Report, and additional information can be found here.
Patient Care Legislation
- Bipartisan legislation to address prior authorization and improve care has been reintroduced in the Senate. Despite recently being reintroduced, The Improving Seniors Timely Access to Care Act ( 1816) already has 51 cosponsors. Additional information can be found here.
- The Senate has also reintroduced bipartisan legislation to prohibit the practice of copay accumulator and maximizer programs so that patients can properly utilize copayment assistance. The HELP Copays Act ( 864) currently has 11 cosponsors. Additional information can be found here.
- Congress has been working to advance certain timely legislative efforts through other bills and larger packages. Right now, broad proposals are moving that include fixes for Medicare physician reimbursement, the Kids Access to Care Act (which would improve care and provider access through Medicaid), and the Orphan Cure Act (which seeks to ensure access to innovative therapies in Medicare and drug price negotiation).
- Congress continues to work on reforms for Pharmacy Benefits Managers, and seeks to end anti-competitive practices like vertical integration and stifling patient choice that dimmish quality and increase prices. This will be an ongoing process throughout the year, but one where lawmakers will look to constituent and affected individuals for feedback.
|